hammeestein



(No-Model.) I I OLHAMMERSTEIN. 4Shee ts -Sh e-et 1.

CIGAR MACHINE.-

No. 244,453. 5 Patented July 19,1881.

N. PETERS. Phnlu-Liihognphur. Walhlnglnm n. c.

(No Model.) 0 HAMMERSTEIN. 4Sheets-Sheet 2 GIGAR MACHINE.

No. 244,453. Patented July 19; 1881.

7 V r {I r v (No Model.)

- 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. 0-. HAMMERSTEIN.

GIGAR MACHINE No. 244,453.

' PatentedJu1y '1 -9, 1881'.

' Eva/avian flow A Wines ea. I w- N. PEIEBS, Phow-UMW. Vlalhinm O. C-

(No Model.) 0-; HAMMER-STEIN. '4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

V v GIGAR'M-AGHINE. No.244 453. v Patented July 19,1881.

.2517) eye/7'0 n N. PETERS, PhoiwLilhogrAphr. Walhinm D. C.

U ITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO MALVINE HAMMERSTEIN, OFSAME PLACE.

CIGAR-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,453, dated July 19,1881. Application filed April 28, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN,

of New York, in the county and State of New Figure l is a side elevationof my improved Fig.2 is a detail' machine for making cigars. verticalcentral section through the lower part of the feed-hopper. Figs. 3, 4,and 5 are detail face views of the cams for actuating theslides in thehopper, the valve in the air-pipe, 850. Fig. 6 is a detail top view ofportion of the air-pipe. Fig. 7 is aface elevation of the machine. Fig.8 is a detail vertical transverse section of the lower part of thefeed-hopper and longitudt nal section of the receiving-chamber, which ischarged by said hopper. Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the end ofthe receiving-chamber and through the jointed andvertically-reciprocating receiving-mold. Fig. 10 is an elevation of theside-which is opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is a sectionalview, showing the receiving-mold discharging into the intermediate moldand thelatter into the main cigar-mold. Fig. 12 is a side view of'theintermediate mold. Fig. 13, is also a side view of the intermediatemold, showing it connected with the operating mechanism. Fig. 14 is adetail horizontal-section on the line a c, Fig. 11. Fig. 15 is anenlarged vertical longitudinal section of the intermediate mold; Fig.16, an enlarged detail cross-section of one of the chambers thereof.Fig. 17 is a top view of one of said chambers, and Fig. 18 a bottom viewthereof. Figs. 19, 20, and 21 are detail cross sections of theintermediate mold, showing it in different positions with reference tothe main cigar-m old.

This invention relates to severalimprovements in machinery for formingtobacco into fillers for cigars, and for covering such fillers in anappropriate mold with a leaf of tobacco, commonly known as the binder.

The invention comprises a new arrangement of parts for conveyingthetobacco from ahopper into achamber, which I term the receivin g-chamber,and thence into areceivin g-mold; anew arrangement of saidreceiving-chamber, whereby the tobacco is prevented from clogging in theoutlet therefrom; a new mechanism for conveying the portions of tobaccothat remain in the receiving-cham her back into the hopper; a newcombination of parts or an intermediate mold for transferring the fillerfrom the receiving-mold to the main cigar-mold, said intermediate moldbeing provided with mechanism for receiving and applying the binder, andother features of improvement which are hereinafter more fullydescribed.

As to the hopper, I provide the same with two plnngers, onereciprocating in a vertical,

the other reciprocating in a horizontal, direction, so that by means ofthese plungers the charge of the desired extent may in' the propermanner be deposited in the receiving-chamtached to a frame which, whenthe said receiving-mold is in its lowermost position, can

ries a pipe in line with the receivingchamber to permit the tobaccowhich is still in the receiving-chamber to be forced through said pipeback to the hopper. The receiving-mold discharges into anintermittently-rotating intermediate mold, which has four (more or less)distinctive mold-cavities, each'of which has a sliding bottom and afolding cover, for the purposes hereinafter specified.

The invention also consists of other details of improvement andcombinations of parts, as

hereinafter more particularly stated.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A represents the frame of themachine. In this frame is hung the main 'operatingshaft B, which isrevolved in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 10 by suitablemechanism. On the table 0, which is supported by the frame A, rests thesupporting-bracket a of the receiving-chamber D, as 1 term it, and abovethis ing is a vertically-reciprocating plunger, G. The tobacco is put inthe hopper E when the plunger G is lifted and the plungerF brought belowthe opening I) in the bottom of the hopper, as shown by full lines inFig. 2. A vibratin g scoop, H, is then moved in the hopper from theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 2 to the position shown in dottedlines in Fig. 2, and sweeps a certain quantity of tobacco into theopening 1) upon the slideF and below the plunger G. The plunger G isthereupon moved down, and at the same time the plunger F is moved awayfrom the receiving-chamber D, so that the charge of tobacco will, by theplunger G, be deposited in front of the horizontal plunger F, betweenthe same and the chamber D. Finally the horizontal plunger F is movedtoward the chamber D and crowds all the tobacco that constitutes thecharge into the receivingchamber D. By this means I am enabled to supplythe receiving-chamber with the necessary charges from time to time, andalso to have it properly sealed against the escape of air through theinlet-opening, so that the tobacco may subsequently be blown from thereceiving-chamber into the receiving-mold I by a blast of air or othergas. Were it not for these two plungers and the arrangement shown, it

would be very difficult not only to measure the charge of the tobacco,but also to properly seal the receiving-chamber so as to prevent the airthat is blown into it from passing out through the crevices or throughthe opening by which the tobacco entered it, instead of atfecting thetobacco for filling the receivingmold in the manner desired.

The scoop H, plunger G, and plungerF are moved by the followingmechanism:

The scoop H is mounted on a shaft which atits end carries a crank, d, asshown in Fig. 1, and which, by a rod, 0, connects with a link,f, which,by a cam, 9, that is mounted upon the shaft B, receives vibratory motionin one direction, and by a suitable spring, h, in the oppositedirection, so that thus the rotation of the shaft B causes the scoop Hto be gradually moved, when the cam g touches the link f, toward thepath of the plunger G, and afterward to be suddenly withdrawn by thespring h from said path and returned to its normal position, which isshown by full lines in Fig. 2.

The vertically-reciprocatin g plunger G is attached to a rod, 1', whichextends through a vertical slot of the hopper, as indicated in Fig. 1,and connects by a suitable rod, j, with a lever, k, that is pivoted tothe frame A, said lever being connected by another rod, l, with atappet, m, that is vibrated by the cam g of the shaft B, as indicated inFig. 4. A suitable spring, a, serves to raise the lever k and the slidet and plunger G as soon as the cam g is out of contact with the tappet.It will be seen that by this arrangement the cam g first depresses thelever f so as to swing the scoopH into the dotted position shown in Fig.2, and immediately afterward causes the tappet to be moved downward andthe slide G to descend in manner described.

The horizontal slide F connects by a link, 0, with a bell-crank, p, fromwhich a rod, q, extends to a lever, 1*, that carries afriction -roller,8, that is in contact with the edge of a cam, t, which is mounted uponthe shaft B. This cam, which is more clearly shown in Fig. 3, has acircular edge with a large radius, another circular. edge with a smallradius, and curves that join these two parts in its circumference, sothat when the friction roller or pin 8 is in contact with the smallcurve that is concentric to the shaft B, as in Fig. 3, the rod q will bedrawn down and the plungerF withdrawn from under the opening I), asindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2; but when the pin 8 is in contactwith the larger circle of the cam 13 the plunger F will be moved towardthe chamber D and beneath the opening I), as shown by full lines in Fig.2. These operations of the two plungers above Idescribed are so timedthat when the slide G is down in its lowermost position the slide F isaway from beneath the opening I), the position of both said parts beingas shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2; but when the plunger G is raised,the cam g having left contact with the tappet m, the larger part of thecam t comes beneath the pin 8, as in Fig. 1, and lifts the rod q,causing the plungerF to move into the position which is shown by fulllines in Fig. 2.

The chamber D has two openings, as shown in Fig.8. One of these openingsis the discharge-opening, and communicates with the interior of thereceivingmold l, as in Fig. 9, whereas the other opening of thereceivingchamber communicates with a pipe, J, that connects in suitablemanner with a blowing apparatus, through which a violent current of aircan at any desired time be blown into the receiving-chamber D. This pipeJ, I term the air-pipe. In it is a suitable valve for obstructing orpermitting the passage of the air, as may be desired. This valve isfitted upon a spindle that carries a crank, u, (see Fig. 6,) and thiscrank connects bya rodyv, (see Fig. 1,) with a lever, w, that rests upona disk, .27, which is mounted upon the shaft B, and more clearly shownin Fig. 5, and which has two projecting toes. Whenever one of these toesarrives under the lever wit elevates the same and causes the valve inthe air-pipe J to open. Whenever the toe recedes from under the levcrwthe latter drops and causes the valve to close. I have so arranged theposition of these toes on the diskac with reference to the cams g andtthat the valve in the pipe J will be suddenly opened to allow a sharpjet of air to be passed into the chamber D as soon as the plunger Fassumes the position which is shown in Fig. 2 by full lines, therebydischarging the contents of the chamber D into the mold I, which at thattime is in line and communication with the chamber D, as shown in Fig.9. The mold I, being now charged with tobacco, descends, being moveddownward by the instrumentalities f and h hereinafter described, andwhen in its lowermost position a pipe, L, which is attached to the head1 of the mold I, arrives in line with the dischargeopening of thechamber D, and at that time the next toe of the cam or causes the valveto be opened and another jet of air to be blown into and through thechamber D and pipe L. The pipe L enters the upper part of the hopper E,as shown in Fig. 7, and by the means last described, whatever tobaccoremains incharge the remnants of tobacco throughthe pipe L back into thehopper E.

The receiving-mold D, in order to prevent the clogging of tobaccotherein under the influence of a violent current of air that is blowninto it, is provided with rotating stirring apparatus which is composedof one or more wires or blades, a that are mounted upon a shaft, b thatis hung in pipe J, as in Fig. 8, or otherwise sohung as to be capable ofrevolving the wires a within the chamber D. These wires may either be ofordinary curved form, such as indicated in Fig.8, or they may beS-shaped or of other suitable form. They are revolved by revolving theshaft 1) through a belt, 0 that passes around a suitable pulley on theshaft B. The wires a rotating within the chamber D, keep the leaves oftobacco that are fed into said chamber duly separated from each other,so that they may all be blown in proper .manner by the air into thereceivingmold I, whereas without such arms or wires there would bedanger of clogging the discharge-opening of the chamber D with tobaccowhen the air was blown into said chamber.

The receiving-mold I is a jointed mold, composed of three pieces-to wit,a central piece,

. d and two win s e as clearlv shown in Fi 11, and on a still largerscale in Fig. 19. This mold l is attached to a head orvertically-reciprocatin g carrier or slide, 3 which is part of areciprocating framing, f that'receives upand-down motion byrod-conneetiong with an eccentric, h that is mounted upon the shaft B,so that by the rotation of the shaft B the frame f is moved up and down,and with it the carrier or slide y and the mold I, that is attachedthereto, likewise the pipe L, of which the lower end joins the carriery. The mold I is fitted upon a suitable dovetail-formed or otherprojection of the head y, so that said mold can be taken ofi' the head yand another mold of a difl'erent size or form be substituted in itsplace, thereby enabling me to make on the machine cigars of differentsizes and forms.

Asuitable catch, 6 (shown in Fig. 9,) serves to lock the mold I- to thehead 3 As the mold I is carried down away from the chamber D pinsthatproject'from the wings 6 and that enter curved grooves j in thestationary part of thcmachine, (see Figs. 10 and 11,) are'in saidgrooves moved outward, so as to cause the wingse to open at the propertime, permitting the central portion, d of the mold I to force thecontents of said mold into the intermediate mold, M, as indicated inFig. 11 and also in Fig. 19.

The intermediate mold, M, is a structure of entirely original andpeculiar kind, which I will now endeavor to describe. Around astationary circular plate, or rather pair of plates, (see Fig. 15,) isplaced a cylindrical shell, 1 which is capable of revolving around thedisks k and held in place thereon, and which carries four (more or less)removable mold chambers or cigar-chambers, as I may term them, which aremarked m in the drawings. Each of these chambers m is formed oftwo rigidside plates and of a vertically-movable bottom plate, n Such bottomplate is in each moldchamber, by springs 0 drawn inward, or toward theaxes of the disks 76 so that normally and under the influence of itssprings 0 each slide a will be in a position to form part of the chamberm to which it may pertain. Intermittent rotary motion in the directionof the arrow shown in Figs. 11 and 12 is imparted to the shell l andthereby also to the mold-chambers m which are carried by the same. Themechanism for imparting such intermittent rotary motion to the shell Iis, by preference, a bellcrank lever, p (see Fig. 10,) connected by linkto a lever, g that is by a spring, 1"", held in contact with the edge ofa cam, 8 that is mounted upon the shaft B. A pawl, t is pivoted to thebell-crank p, and catches into proper projections of the shell l iWhenthe lever q is in contact with the larger portion of thepeculiarly-formed cam 8 as in Fig. 10, its pawl will be vertically abovethe axis of the shell P. In this position, which is the position shownin Figs. 10 and 11, the ring I will remain as long as the lever g is incontact with the larger circle of the cam s but as soon as the lever isby the spring r during the rotation of the shaft B, brought against thesmaller circle of the cam s the pawl will be drawn down into contactwith the projection or tooth that is at the right-hand side of the ring1 as shown in Fig. 13, and will take hold of the next projection ortooth, remaining stationary, however, as long as the lever g isvirtually in contact with the smallcircle of the cam 8 as shown in Fig.13. As soon as the lever g is pushed off this smaller circle by the noseof cam 8 (see Fig. 13) the pawl is lifted, and the cylinder l therebyturned in direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 12 to the extent ofninety degrees, thereby bringing-a new moldehamber m under thereciprocating-mold I and carrying the filled mold m that was formerlyunder I, to the left-hand side, for discharge into the main cigar-moldN, that is placed there for the reception of the contents of themold-chambers m I have shown four mold-chambers m on theintermittently-rotating mold M; but their number may be varied atpleasure, in which case the stroke of the pawl t will also beproportionately varied, so as at each movement to bring an emptymold-chamber under the reciprocating mold I. In each of its severalpositions the mold-ring Z, with its chambers, is locked by alockingbolt, a (see Fig. 12,) that moves along one of the plates W, andsprings, under the influence of a suitable spring, into a notch, 00 ofthe ring I as soon as such notch arrives in line with the bolt. Thisbolt is also shown in its locked position in Fig. 15. When the pawl isswung down to take hold of a new tooth the cam-a cam-edgeou the hub 12of the bell-crank p -bears against a lever, 10 that engages a projectionof the bolt a and draws the bolt out of the notch of the ring 1 so as topermit the turning of the ring 1 by means of the pawl, in manner stated.There are as many notches in theinner edge of the ring I as said ring isprovided with mold-chambers. These notches are shown at x in Fig. 12,and each of them in turn receives the bolt a.

It will be readily understood that as the reciprocating mold I,containing a charge of tobacco, approaches the mold-chamber m, which isdirectly beneath it, (the wings 0 opening,) the contents of the mold Iare deposited into said mold-chamber m in manner clearly indicated inFigs. 11 and 19. It will also be readily understood that when afterwardsthe mold I is lifted out of the mold-chamber m and the ring 1carryingsuch mold-chamber, is turned the contents of said mold-chambercan be brought in line with the proper cavity of the main cigar-mold N,which is placed in avertical position in a suitable carrying chamber orclasp, O, opposite the intermediate mold M, as shown in Fig. 11. Springsa hearing against the back of the mold N, crowdit against the frontedges of its containingchamber 0 (see Fig. 14) and hold it stationary,yet allowing it to be moved downwardly, in manner hereinafter described.As soon as the moldchamber m which contains its charge of tobacco,arrives opposite and in line with a cavity of the main cigar-mold N, thebottom a of said mold-chamber m is moved toward the mold N far enough topush the contents of such chamber into the appropriate cavity of themain cigar-mold. This is clearlyindicated in Figs. 11 and 21. Thus thecharges that are originally deposited within the reciprocating mold Iare transferred to the main cigar-mold N. -This main cigar-mold receivesrectilinear motion intermittently by projecting noses b that are on thesides of the mold-chambers m and engage in recesses c that are cut intothe mold N, as ismore clearly shown in Fig. 21. In this figure the moldN is shown in position for receiving a charge from one of themoldchambers m by the outward motion of the bottom a of said chamber,the nose 0 being in its proper recess 0 Now, after the moldchamber m hasbeen emptied and rotation of the ring l in the direction of the arrow isresumed, the nose I) will move the mold N down a little way,sufficiently far to bring the recess a, which is next above the cavitylast filled with tobacco, into the path of the next succeeding nose I),that is on the mold m, which next moves toward the cigar-mold N todeposit its charge into the latter. The bottom a of each mold-chamber ismoved outward for discharging the contents of the mold-chamber by meansof a sliding bolt, d, which is held in appropriate guides 0 that connectthe stationary disks k (See Fig. 15.) The bolt 1 or pair of bolts, twobeing shown in Fig. 15, for moving each bottom n receive their motionfrom cranksf of a shaft {1 that is hung in the disks 7a. Thiscrank-shaft g connects with a lever, 71 that is tilted at the propertime by a pin, 1', on the cam s, so as to vibrate it and move the boltsd in proper manner. After having been thus moved outward to dischargethe contents of the mold-chamber W, the spring 0 draws the bottom a backinto its normal position, and is assisted in this by another spring, j,that is attached to the lever 71/3, in manner indicated in Fig. 10. Thebolts 01 should not be quite as long as the diameter of the disk so thatin their normal position, when they are not active, they will notinterfere with the motion of the ring Z around the disks k The normalposition of a bolt d is clearly shown in Fig. 19.

I have already shown what becomes of the charge of the mold I, that isforced out of the chamber D, and that the contents of the chamber D aresuccessively in proper form placed into the cavities of the maincigar-mold N. It only remains to show how I apply the hinder orcovering-leaf of tobacco to and around the filler or inner portion ofthe cigar. That part of the tobacco that is blown from the chamber Dinto the mold I is the filler. The mold I contains, therefore, only thetiller; but before that filler is deposited in the propermold-chamber m.of the intermediate mold, M, aleaf of tobacco, which is to form thebinder, is placed over and across the mold-chamber m as shown in Fig.16. This leaf is bulged or bent down by the filler, which the mold Iforces into said moldchamber m as shown in Fig. 19, and its twoends-that is to say, the two ends of said binderproject beyond the twosides of the mold-chamber after the mold I has been lifted off thelatter. On its way to the main mold N the mold-chamber m. thus filled isbrought beneath a swinging cap, I, which folds one end of the binderover the filler. (See the dotted position in Fig. 11.) The cap P is asheetmetal or other plate, properly curved and pivoted to one side ofthe mold-chamber m, to which it pertains. It is moved at the proper timeby having an extension or tail-piece, it", come in contact with astationary projection, k, that is supported by the cross-bars 0 (SeeFigs. 15 and 20.) After leaving contact with.

this projection it the cap P is drawn off the mold-chamber by a suitablespring, Z While the cap P still. holds one end of the binder on thefiller, the mold-chamber, in its motion toward the main cigar-mold N,arrives under a stationary blade, m (see Figs. 20 and 21,) that isrigidly secured in the frame-work of the machine, andwith which theloose end of the binder comes in contact so as to be folded overthe cap1?, as clearly shown in Fig. 20. It is when the two ends of the binderhave been folded that the spring Z withdraws the cap from the face ofthe chamber m leaving the binder on the filler in proper position to beinserted into the cavity of the main cigarmold N. Y

I have now faithfully described the entire operation of my machine andall those parts thereof which I deem to be necessary; but it is quiteclear, and I desire it to be particularly understood, that'many of thedetails of the invention may be varied without materially departing fromthe spirit thereof.

Instead of the mechanism for imparting motion to the different portionsof the machinery which I have described, other mechanism may beemployed,the proportions of the parts may be varied; but the mainfeature of my invention can still be retained by so varying theproportions, operating mechanism, or immaterial details. I have saidthat the cap P is pivoted to the mold-chamber m but I prefer not topivot it directly to said mold-chamber, as it is wiser to employ aconnecting-link, 013, (see Fig. 12,) so as to give to the cap not onlythe vibrating but also a sort of lifting movement, which will carry itclear of the moldchamber m over which it is to move.

' I claim- I 1. The combination of the scoop H, and its crank d, andlink 6, lever f, cam g, and the slide G, and the connections thereof,with the tappet m, all arranged so that the cam y will move the scoopand the slide G in succession, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of the hopperiiE, receiving-chamber D, and air-pipe Jwith the charging-plungerF and mold I, and with mechanism, such asdescribed, for twice opening the valve of the air-pipe while the chamberD is closed by the plunger F, so as to permit the charge of the chamberfirst to be blown into the mold I and the remnants next into the hopperE, substantially as described.

3. The vertically-reciprocatin g receiving-mold I, in combination withthe chamber D and with the air-pipe J, and with thevertically-reciprocating pipe L and hopper E, for operationsubstantially as specified.

4. The air-pipe J, leading into the chamber D, in combination with avalve and with the mechanism u, o, w, and w for opening said valvetwice, and with the slide F, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

5. The combination of a receiving-chamber, D, of a cigar-mold with theair-pipe J and with the rotating wire or wires a, arranged within saidchamber D, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the receiving-mold I with theintermediate mold, M,and main cigarmold N, all arranged for operation substantially asdescribed.

7. The mold-chamber m combined with the swinging cap I? and fixed bladem and with mechanism for rotating the mold and swinging thecap,substantially as described.

8. The combination of the mold-chamberm' on thering l with the hingedcap P, spring 1 and stationary projection 10 for moving the cap,substantially as specified.

9. The fiat-bottomed main cigar-mold N, constructed with thereceiving-cavities that are closed at the bottom, and with the recessesor notches c on the same side on which it has the receiving-cavities,and between the same, for the purpose of being moved by the intermediatemold, M, that faces it, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the intermediate mold, M, with mechanism forimparting intermittent rotary motion to it, and with the projectingnoses b and with the main cigar-mold N, having notches 0 substantiallyas described.

11. The intermittently-rotating ring or cylinder 1 carryingmold-chambers W, in combination with mechanism for moving it, and withthe bolt 10 for locking it in its terminal positions, and with the leverto for unlocking it, substantially as described.

12. The main cigar-mold N, placed in a housin g, 0, and held there byfriction-sprin gs in combination with the rotating mold M, which isprovided with means for moving the main cigar-mold N, and with a plungeror plungers for discharging its contents into the cavities of the maincigar-mold N, substantially as specified.

13. The combination of the mold-chamber 011?, having a movableconcave-faced bottom, a and spring 0 and secured on rotary ring 1 withthe inner fixed frame, a, reciprocating slide 01 crank f and oscillatingcrank-shaft 9 for operation substantially as herein shown and described,

The foregoing specification of my invention signed by me this 23d day ofApril, 1881.

OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN.

Witnesses:

WILLY G. E. SCHULTZ, JULIUS HrLsEN, Jr.

